basics-linux-commands

linux commands for beginner

basics-linux-commandsIn this case, I will share some wonderful kali Linux command for a beginner so first Open the terminal, press Ctrl+Alt+T in Ubuntu, or press Alt+F2, type in gnome-terminal, and press enter. In Raspberry Pi, type in lxterminal. There is also a GUI way of taking it, but this is better!

Basic Commands:

1. pwd — The command “pwd” (print working directory), prints the current working directory with full path name from the terminal.

2. mkdir & rmdir — Use the mkdir command when you need to create a folder or a directory. For example, if you want to make a directory called “DIY”, then you can type “mkdir DIY”. Remember, as told before, if you want to create a directory named “DIY Hacking”, then you can type “mkdir DIY\ Hacking”.

3. rm — Use the rm command to delete files and directories. But rm cannot simply delete a directory. Use “rm -r” to delete a directory.

4. cp — Use the cp command to copy files through the command line. It takes two arguments: The first is the location of the file to be copied, the second is where to copy.

5. mv — Use the mv command to move files through the command line. We can also use the mv command to rename a file. For example, if we want to rename the file “text” to “new”, we can use “mv text new”. It takes the two arguments, just like the cp command.

Intermediate Commands :

1.echo — The “echo” command helps us move some data, usually text into a file. For example, if you want to create a new text file or add to an already made text file, you just need to type in, “echo hello, my name is Alok >> new.txt”.

2. cat — Use the cat command to display the contents of a file. It is usually used to easily view programs.

3. sudo — A widely used command in the Linux command line, sudo stands for “SuperUser Do”

4. zip, unzip — Use zip to compress files into a zip archive and unzip to extract files from a zip archive.

13. ping — Use ping to check your connection to a server. Wikipedia says, “Pingis a computer network administration software utility used to test the reachability of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network”.

File Operations:

pwd                        Print Name Of Current/Working Directory

The pwd is an acronym for print working directory. The pwd command is considered as one of the most frequently used commands on Linux, AIX, HP-UX, *BSD, and other UNIX like operating systems along with the ls, and cd commands. It can be used for the following purposes under Apple OS X or UNIX or Linux operating systems:
=> Find the full path to the current directory.
=> Store the full path to the current directory in the shell variable.
=> Verify the absolute path.
=> Verify the physical path i.e exclude.

cd                            Changing The Working Directory
cp                            Copy Files Or Directory
rm                            Remove Files And Directory
ls                              List Of Directory Contents
mkdir                       Make Directory
cat                            Concatenate Files And Print On Standard Output
mv                            Move Files
chmod                      Change Files Permissions

Know Your System
uname                      Print System Information
who                         Show Who Is Logged On
cal                           Displays Calculator
date                         Print System Date And Time
df                            Report File System Disk Space Usage
du                            Estimate File Space Usage
ps                            Displays Information Of Current Active Processes
kill                          Allows To Kills Process
clear                        Clear The Terminal Screen
cat /proc/cpuinfo          Cpuinfo Display CPU Information
cat /proc/meminfo          Display Memory Information

Compression
tar                        Store and Extract Files From An Archive File
gzip                       Compress Or Decompress Named Files

Network
ifconfig                   To Config Network Interface
ping                       Check Other System are reachable from The Host System
wget                       Download Files From Network
ssh                        Remote Login Program
ftp                        Download/Upload Files From/To Remote System
last                       Displays List Of Last Logged In User
telnet                     Used To Communicate With Another Host Using THe Telnet Protocol

Searching Files
grep                       Search Files(s) For Specific Text
find                       Search For Files In A Directory Hierarchy
locate                     Find Files By Name

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